eConsent represents both an opportunity and yet a daunting challenge for many researchers. For one, many researchers have little to no experience navigating the latest and greatest digital methods for research. And one of the last things health research teams tend to consider is creating an informed consent video. But it is easily the most helpful tool for health researchers to efficiently inform and enroll patients in your study.
So, how do you write a consent video script? In this blog, we explain best practices you and your study team can utilize to write effective video scripts. Your digital consent should compel action from potential participants and foster understanding.
Use language to fit for your participant population
In order to connect with as many potential participants as possible, it’s important to avoid overly clinical terms. This is because literacy in areas like health care or research is not universally high among populations.
For instance, a 2003 survey from the National Center of Educational Statistics found that only 53% of the US population possess intermediate health literacy. A more recent study by the Kansas Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System has shown that while health literacy is increasing, it’s still not universal, with Kansas residents reporting ‘less than high’ literacy at 67 percent in 2012, and 51 percent in 2018.
If you are looking to recruit specific populations, it’s important to understand their literacy needs. Several studies show that race, ethnicity, age, education level, economic status, health status, cognition, and non-English speaking populations are all factors that affect levels of health literacy. It’s also worth noting the commonly shared values that populations hold to connect with them through your consent video to build trust.
Keep the tone of the video script conversational
Maintaining a conversational tone in your eConsent video script may be challenging. But it’s essential for making it more engaging and accessible. Remember to balance some of the more clinical aspects of your video script with a friendly, approachable, and relatable tone. Conversational tone implies being able to use everyday language that your audience can understand. It also helps to simplify your script, which makes for an easier flow to the consent video. You can always rewrite the script and substitute more complex terms and words for shorter, simpler words that fulfill the same purpose.
Be sure to address your consenting participants with language like “you” and “we”. This makes the tone more relatable and to help them easily understand how they will participate in the study. Real life examples are another way to help build understanding for specific concepts. If you are having trouble making complex concepts more relatable, try using metaphors or analogies. The more familiar the analogies/metaphors, the better. If concepts are too complex for your participant audience, be sure to break down complex concepts into smaller components. Or you may consider whether certain concepts are central to a participant’s required understanding to properly consent and omit them altogether.
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Give prospects good reasons for participating
Overall, you want to convince prospects that it’s worth their time participating. So it’s great to emphasize the benefits. Different benefits may be more important to different populations, so it’s important to understand how your population thinks.
Some potential benefits include:
Contributing to the health of future generations
This is especially relevant to elderly populations who want to ‘pay it forward’ and leave behind something of value while they had the time to do it.
Contributing to the health of your racial or ethnic community
Emphasize that people in underserved populations can contribute to insights and medical breakthroughs that are better tailored to the genetics of people from similar backgrounds. Since much research in the past has been comprised of majority white, male participants, it’s important to highlight the value of participation of diverse populations to these populations.
Contributing to medical breakthroughs for a particular condition or set of conditions
This can be especially important for people living with the medical conditions that are being studied, people with family members with the condition, or those with a known genetic predisposition for a particular disease/set of diseases.
Receiving standard-of-care or cutting-edge treatment
If your study gives participants access to treatments at little or no cost, it’s worth highlighting this incentive.
Receiving genetic test results or other medically actionable insights
If your research program involves getting a free screening for certain medical conditions, or genetic testing that screens for predispositions or a more general idea of a person’s health, it’s worth highlighting the potential benefits that come with these insights.
Access to insightful research findings
Pparticipants may have access to the results and findings of your research, which can provide insights into their health or condition.
It’s important to highlight the benefits or participation towards the end of your video as people are closer to making an informed decision on whether to study or not. Alternatively, you can use it in the beginning of the script to gain their curiosity for learning more about the study.
Keep the video short
Avoid writing a long script. Participants will generally get distracted if your video is longer than three minutes. Based on our experience creating consent videos, we have found anywhere between a minute and a half to two minutes is an ideal length help maintain attention.
In order to figure out the timing of your script, simply read it out and time yourself. Remember to leave space for natural pauses, which will allow for the video’s content to be more easily digestible to your consenting audience and help you gauge the video’s run length. Remember, consent videos don’t need to contain all the information necessary for consent, since they are often intended as supplementary aids to learning and comprehension. Also, animations in your video can help to add further context to help make your video more concise and effective in explaining your study in less time.
Give an overview of your study and what it aims to accomplish
This one is pretty self-evident. It’s important to state the main goal of your study. While in many cases you will want to avoid some of the less significant questions you aim to address. State the questions you want to answer in simple terms. Be sure to explain the types of people you are aiming to recruit. Or you could explain why the participants themselves are being selected to participate. This part of your informed consent video script might also be a good opportunity to introduce your study team to briefly explain how each of them will be involved.
Provide information regarding study activities
How will your participants be involved, and what is your study team doing over the course of the research? It’s important to explain how long the study will take, what sort of procedures may be involved, as well as some of the risks and potential benefits. As always, make sure participants are well aware of their rights, specifically as it relates to their right to stop participating at any time they choose for any reason. This is a great area to consult with your IRB when you are submitting various materials for your informed consent process, as it relates to eConsent or otherwise.
Explain how their data will be used, accessed, and kept secure
Give a high-level description of what the data they provide will be used for, who will have access to it, and how the data is kept secure. More specifically, how will their personal health information (PHI) and personally identified information (PII) be used/stored? What rights do they have per these data? As previously explained, data privacy and confidentiality are valued among many populations. So it’s important you address this in an easily graspable way.
End the informed consent video with a compelling call to action
A call to action is a short phrase using a verb to compel a specific action from your audience. In this case, a call to action can compel potential participants to:
- Continue enrollment
- Contact study staff (if they have specific questions)
- Agree to participate
- …and so on.
Summary of how to write an informed consent video script
To write a clear, concise, compelling informed consent video script for your health research study, consider the following:
- Do not use overly clinical language
- Keep the tone of the video script conversational
- Give prospects good reasons for participating
- Keep the video short; 1:30-2:00 is ideal to maintain attention
- Give an overview of your study and what it aims to accomplish
- Provide information regarding what activities a participant is agreeing to when they join
- Explain how participant data will be used, accessed, and kept secure
- End the video with a compelling call to action
To learn more about eConsent video best practices, read: How to Create an eConsent Video that Builds Participant Trust: An Interview with a Health Research Project Manager
Learn more on eConsent Best Practices
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